Using recombinant DNA technology to modify an organism’s DNA to achieve desirable traits is called…

In general, cloning means the creation of a perfect replica. Typically, the word is used…

DNA analysis often requires focusing on one or more specific regions of the genome. It…

Because nucleic acids are negatively charged ions at neutral or alkaline pH in an aqueous…

To accomplish the applications described above, biotechnologists must be able to extract, manipulate, and analyze…

Figure 10.1 (a) A thermal cycler, such as the one shown here, is a basic…

In the 1970s, genes were first observed that exhibited alternative RNA splicing. Alternative RNA splicing…

For a cell to function properly, necessary proteins must be synthesized at the proper time.…

The synthesis of proteins is one of a cell’s most energy-consuming metabolic processes. In turn,…

The newly transcribed eukaryotic mRNAs must undergo several processing steps before they can be transferred…