The term “sp3 hybridization” refers to the mixing character of one 2s-orbital and three 2p-orbitals to…

Think of Lewis as ‘lectrons’ Lewis Acid A Lewis acid refers to an atom or…

Categories of Acids and Bases Before we dive in, be sure to download my FREE…

Now, I’ve mentioned earlier that there’s a difference between the formal and the actual charge. Formal…

Formal charges in organic chemistry is, perhaps, one of the most fundamental bookkeeping devices which…

Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons. This sharing allows each atom to achieve its…

Electronegativity The elements with the highest ionization energies are generally those with the most negative…

The octet rule dictates that atoms are most stable when their valence shells are filled…

Covalent bond is a chemical bonding process in which pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. The…

An orbital is the quantum mechanical refinement of Bohr’s orbit. In contrast to his concept…